经典演讲葛底斯堡演讲

Gettysburg Address

Gettysburg1 Address2

1.Gettysburg: 葛底斯堡。美国宾夕法尼亚州南部边境的小镇。美国内战史上南、北军之间规模最大的关键一仗在此发生，双方死伤各约二万五千人。林肯总统于1863年11月19日在葛提斯堡国家烈士公墓落成典礼上作了这一篇著名的演讲。 

2.address n.  a formal speech that someone makes to a group of people演讲，演说

Abraham Lincoln delivered1 on the 19th Day of November, 1863 Cemetery2 Hill, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 

1.deliver a speech/lecture/address：to make a speech to a lot of people

2.cemetery n.公墓，墓地

Four score1 and seven years ago our fathers2 brought forth3 on this continent, a new nation, conceived4 in Liberty, and dedicated5 to the proposition6 that all men are created equal7. 

1.score num. a group of 20（注意，score不变复数）

2.fathers n. people related to you who lived a long time ago祖先，先辈

3.bring forth：to produce something or make it appear

4.conceive v.孕育

5.dedicate vt. to give all your attention and effort to one particular thing致力于，献身于

6.proposition n.a statement that consists of a carefully considered opinion or judgment主张，观点

7. all men are created equal.一切人生来平等。美国第三、四届总统杰佛逊在美国“独立宣言”中写下的名言。 

Now we are engaged in1 a great civil war2, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated3, can long endure4. We are met5 on a great battle-field6 of that war. We have come to dedicate7 a portion8 of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live9. It is altogether10 fitting11 and proper that we should do this. 

1.be engaged in参与，从事

2.civil war内战

3.so conceived and so dedicated: 指第一句中的 conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposititon that all men are created equal. so 是副词，意为：这样地，如上所述那样地。 

4.endure vi.  to remain alive or continue to exist for a long time

5.are met集会

6.battle-field战场

7.dedicate vt. to use a place, time, money etc only for a particular purpose把…专用于

8.portion n.part

9. who here gave their lives that that mation might live: 为了这个国家的生存而献身的……。定语从句，其中第一个that 是连词，引导目的状语；第二个 that 是指示代词，修饰 nation。 
10.altogether adv.完全地

11.fitting adj.合适的，恰当的

But, in a larger sense1, we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow — this ground2. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled3 here, have consecrated it, far above4 our poor power to add or detract5.

1.in a larger sense从更广泛的意义上来说

2.we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow– this ground.

consecrate vt.圣化

hallow vt.神化

we cannot 重复了三次，以加深印象并抒发强烈的情感。这种修饰法称为句首重复（Anaphora），常用于演说和诗歌。 

3.struggle vi.战斗，奋斗

4.far above远非，远超

5.detract v. to make something seem less good

The world will little note1, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they2 did here. It is for us the living3, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished4 work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly5 advanced6. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining7 before us — that from these honored dead8 we take increased devotion to that cause9 for which they gave the last full measure10 of devotion — that we here highly resolve11 that these dead shall not have died in vain12 — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people13, shall not perish14 from the earth15. 

1.note vt. to notice or pay careful attention to something

2.they代指those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.

3.the living为us的同位语

4.unfinished adj.未竟的

5.nobly adv. in a morally good or generous way that should be admired高尚地，崇高地

6.advance vi.develop,improve

7.remain v.stay,continue to exist

8.these honored dead这些光荣的死者

9.cause n. an aim, belief or organization that a group of people support or fight for事业

10.measure n.action

11.resolve vt. to make a definite decision to do something

12.in vain徒劳地

13.of the people, by the people, for the people民有、民治、民享

妙用介词的经典短语

14.perish vi.die

15.破折号隔开的四个以 that 引导的从句是 the great task 的同位语并列结构。

理解和判断同位语的小技巧：先行词与同位语能够构成主系表结构。

see you tomorrow!